All of your questions are answered in Ed Wood's _Classic Sourdoughs:
A Home Bakers Handbook_, which is an updated version of _World
Sourdoughs from Antiquity_. Either one of these books will answer
your questions. The updated version has over 90 new recipes. This
book assumes you know the basics about bread such as measuring flour
by spooning the flour into the cup not dipping etc. It sounds like
you already know those basics. If you're not sure you know the
basics Betsy Oppenneer's _The Bread Book_ would be a good primer.
Your Fellow Bread Baking Fiend,
Pedro